Testing of Biovar and Pathogenicity Ralstonia solanacearum in Banana (Kepok: Local Indonesia) in South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Yusriadi , A.L. Abadi and S. Djauhari

Background and Objective: Ralstonia solanacearum is a bacterium that causes wilt disease in bananas (Kepok: Lokal Indonesia), this disease is very dangerous and has spread evenly and already at high attack rate causing 100% loss. This bacterium has not been known for its characteristics and its pathogenicity from South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The objective of the study was to determine R. solanacearum including biovar (strain) and pathogenicity, bacteria capability and know the pathogenicity of isolate from banana origin in South Kalimantan. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted by tracing bacterial isolate in carbohydrate medium and allowed to form acid by showing the change of medium color from green to yellow as a positive reaction of carbon source usage and pathogenicity test by describing plants showing symptoms of pain and counting time of incubation period. Results: That isolate of R. solanacearum bacteria from Kota Banjarbaru, Banjar, Tapin, Tabalong and Kotabaru Districts were able to use carbon source from lactose, maltose, mannitol, dulcitol and sorbitol. Ralstonia solanacearum tested was able to cause sick plants and showed symptoms of wilt averaging 60 days after inoculation, isolates from Banjarbaru, Banjar, Tapin and Kotabaru, while Tabalong isolates caused wilting symptoms after an average of 66 days. Conclusion: Isolate R. solanacearum from Banjarbaru, Banjar, Tapin, Tabalong and Kotabaru, Indonesia were able to use carbon source from lactose, maltose, mannitol, dulcitol and sorbitol and belong to biovar group 3, very high pathogenicity level and incubation period average 60-66 days after inoculation.

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