Immunogenicity Response of Mus musculus var. Balb/C after Immunization using Flagellin Salmonella typhi Serovar Semarang

Sri Darmawati, I. Adi Gunawan, Nastiti Wijayanti and Muchamad Dafip

Background and Objective: The flagellin of Salmonella typhi is potentially developed as an identifying antigen in a rapid diagnostic test instrument that may be more accurate than conventional serological tests. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the immunogenicity of flagellin S. typhi as the basis for developing a typhoid fever diagnostic. Materials and Methods: Flagellin was isolated from the bacterial culture of S. typhi serovar Semarang and used as the primary antigen for vaccine assembly. Native flagellin antigen was immunized in Balb/C mice with injection doses of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 g/100 L in each group (K0-K5), respectively, via intraperitoneal cavity. Blood serum was collected to ELISA based-measurement for IL-6 and TNF-a titers. Then, specific immunoglobulin (Ig) of anti-flagellin was detected using in-house ELISA and western blotting. Results: The findings in this study showed that immunization at the dose of 4-5 g/100 L significantly decreased the IL-6 titer, i.e., 8.33±0.87 pg mL^–1, compared to control. The antibody titer test analysis showed the highest Ig-G anti-flagellin was found in K4 mice after immunization using a dose of 5 g/100 L with an average absorbance of Ig-G reaching 1.19 ±0.32. Conclusion: The results indicated that the flagellin protein of S. typhi serovar Semarang induces adaptive immune responses and produces specific antibodies against flagellin. The immunogenic properties of the flagellin protein of S. typhi serovar Semarang potentially developed as a specific diagnostic marker. Further research may also focus on a beneficial feature of flagellin as a vaccine candidate.

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