Structural Identification of Two Compounds Isolated from the Extract of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers Plant

Rabia Benzahi, Imane Hamdi, Khedidja Benzahi and Brahim Labed

Background and Objective: The study focused on the species Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers, which belongs to the Gramineae family. This perennial plant is widespread in various forests and is classified as a weed. This study aimed to valorize this plant and optimize its use in the pharmaceutical and medical fields by extracting its active compounds, specifically flavonoid glycosides and determining their chemical structures using physicochemical analytical methods. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on dried Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers, with flavonoid glycosides extracted using an ethanol/water (80/20: V/V) mixture. Several methods were employed to determine the chemical structures of the isolated compounds, including thin-layer chromatography (TLC), Adsorption column chromatography, UV-visible spectrophotometry and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Reagents were also used to identify the structural substitutions of the flavonoid compounds. Results: The study concluded that flavonoid glycosides constitute 1.8912% of the dry plant. The highest yield was obtained from the butanolic extract at over 1.6353%, compared to the acetate extract at 0.2599%. Structural identification of the flavonoid compounds, using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods on the fractions obtained by partitioning the extracts (Ethyl acetate and butanol) with different solvent systems, revealed the presence of flavones and flavonols. The identified compounds included Isorhamnetin and 5-7-dihydroxy-3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone. Conclusion: Two flavonoid compounds, Isorhamnetin and 5,7-dihydroxy-3 -hydroxy-4 -methoxyflavone, were identified in the ethyl acetate extract of Cynodon dactylon using UV-visible spectroscopy and LC-MS/MS analysis.

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