Effect of NaCl Toxicity on Development and Anatomical Structure of Varieties of Sorghum saccharatum (L.) in Kazakhstan

Yerlan Kirshibayev and Danagul Mukasheva

Background and Objective: Salinity is a major factor limiting agricultural productivity and strongly affects sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum L.) yield. This plant has many varieties with different responses to environmental toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of salt (NaCl) in the nutrient medium of seedlings of sorghum crops. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the salt tolerance properties of selected sorghum varieties (Kazakhstan-20 and Porumben-7 varieties). Seeds of sorghum varieties were placed in containers with different concentrations of saline solution 15 pieces in three replications. Concentrations of NaCl salt solution was 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6%. Within 3 days from the day of setting the seeds of sorghum varieties, germination indicators of sorghum were counted. The anatomical structure of the roots of the varieties was determined using an electron microscope. Alcohol, glycerol and distilled water were taken for fixation in the same ratio and they were prepared by stirring. Results: Findings showed that salinity toxic effect is varied based on variety, Porumben-7 during the growth and development showed significant resistance compared to the control (Kazakhstan-20). This effect was associated with the number of mature metaxylem in root in the Kazakhstan-20 variant and in the Porumben-7 variant, with salinity, the metaxylem number was decreased. In Porumben-7, the root vessels were shortened and vessels number decreased. Conclusion: Based on findings, it was concluded that salt tolerance is considerably affected due to a variety of sorghum. the variety of Kazakhstan-20 (domestic variety) is more effective than the foreign variety (Porumben-7) in productivity and saccharinity of stems.

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