Trends in Mortality Rates Due to Osteoporotic Hip Fractures in Ecuador from 1997 to 2016

Enrique Lopez Gavilanez, Manuel Diaz Curiel, Carlos H. Orces, Manuel Navarro Chavez, Noemi Bautista Litardo, Mario Hernández Bonilla, Narcisa Solórzano Romero and Jose González Paredes

Background and Objective: Hip fracture (HF) is a major public health concern because of its association with high mortality, particularly in older adults. National trends of in-hospital HF mortality in Ecuador have not yet been assessed. This study analyzed the trends of in-hospital mortality due to HF in the Ecuadorian population and compared with those of other populations. Materials and Methods: A time trend analysis based on the Ecuador population from 1997 to 2016 was conducted. Data from The Hospital Discharges Yearbook of Ecuador was used to determine the number of male and female patients aged >60 years who were hospitalized with HF. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated. Mortality rates were age-standardized with the direct method, using the world population (WHO) as standard. Trends in the mortality rates standardized by age were estimated using Joinpoint regression analysis and expressed as annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC). Results: There were 895 deaths due to HF (564 women, 331 men). Mortality in men between 1997 and 2016 significantly increased with an estimated AAPC of 2.5%. In women, mortality showed a statistically significant increase with an estimated AAPC of 8.6%. Conclusion: Incidence of in-hospital mortality due to HF during the study reference period in Ecuador showed a statistically significant increase in both sexes. Trends observed in Ecuador were not similar to those observed in other countries and required an additional analysis to identify the determinants of this trend.

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